Which NSAID is known for causing gastrointestinal irritation?

Ibuprofen is well-known for its potential to cause gastrointestinal irritation. This is primarily due to its mechanism of action as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which involves the inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. COX-1 is particularly important for maintaining the protective mucosal lining of the gastrointestinal tract. When ibuprofen inhibits COX-1, it can lead to decreased production of protective factors, resulting in irritation, ulcers, or bleeding in the gastrointestinal lining.

While acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol) is often used for pain relief and fever reduction, it does not have the same gastrointestinal side effects because it works differently and does not inhibit COX enzymes in the same way as ibuprofen. Acetylsalicylic acid, frequently known as aspirin, also carries a risk of gastrointestinal irritation, but ibuprofen is specifically noted for this side effect in this context. This understanding is crucial for patients who may be sensitive to gastrointestinal issues or have a history of ulcers, as alternatives may need to be considered.