What should patients be educated about regarding ACE inhibitors?

Patients should be educated about the importance of avoiding dehydration when taking ACE inhibitors. These medications can potentially lead to decreased kidney function, especially if patients become dehydrated. Dehydration can increase the risk of kidney complications because ACE inhibitors work by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which is important for regulating blood pressure and fluid balance. When a patient is dehydrated, there may be inadequate renal perfusion, exacerbating the renal effects of the medication and possibly leading to acute kidney injury.

In contrast to other options, while ACE inhibitors are indeed contraindicated during pregnancy and require close monitoring of potassium levels due to the risk of hyperkalemia, dehydration poses an immediate and significant concern for all patients on these medications. Moreover, taking ACE inhibitors with NSAIDs can increase the risk of renal impairment, especially if hydration is not maintained. Therefore, educating patients on the necessity to stay well-hydrated is crucial to prevent complications associated with ACE inhibitor therapy.