What adverse effect may result from chronic corticosteroid use?

Chronic corticosteroid use can lead to osteoporosis as an adverse effect due to the way these medications influence bone health. Corticosteroids can decrease calcium absorption in the intestines and increase calcium excretion through the kidneys, which contributes to lower bone density. Additionally, these medications can inhibit the proliferation and activity of osteoblasts, the cells responsible for bone formation, leading to an increased risk of fractures and bone weakness over time. This is particularly concerning for individuals who may already have risk factors for osteoporosis, as the negative impact on bone density can be exacerbated with ongoing corticosteroid therapy. Thus, monitoring bone health and considering preventative strategies, such as calcium and vitamin D supplementation, are important for patients on long-term corticosteroid regimens.