What should be monitored when administering corticosteroids for long-term use?

When administering corticosteroids for long-term use, it is essential to monitor for signs of infection and fluid retention. Corticosteroids can suppress the immune system, making patients more susceptible to infections. This suppression can lead to increased risk for both common and opportunistic infections, particularly in patients who may not exhibit typical signs of illness due to impaired immune response.

Additionally, corticosteroids are known to cause fluid retention as they can affect sodium and water balance in the body. This retention can manifest as hypertension, edema, or weight gain. Close monitoring of these signs allows for timely intervention if complications arise, which is crucial for maintaining the patient's overall health while on corticosteroid therapy.

While monitoring other factors such as serum sodium levels can be relevant, the priority in the context of long-term corticosteroid use hinges on being vigilant for potential infections and managing fluid retention effectively.